{"id":27193,"date":"2026-03-13T23:09:01","date_gmt":"2026-03-13T20:09:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nhm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=27193"},"modified":"2026-03-13T23:09:01","modified_gmt":"2026-03-13T20:09:01","slug":"%d8%a7%ef%bb%9f%ef%ba%98%ef%bb%ae%d8%a7%ef%ba%bb%ef%bb%9e-%d8%a7%ef%bb%9f%ef%bb%9c%ef%af%bf%ef%bb%a4%ef%af%bf%ef%ba%8e%ef%ba%8b%ef%bb%b2-%ef%ba%91%ef%af%bf%ef%bb%a6-%d8%a7%ef%bb%9f%ef%ba%a4%ef%ba%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nhm.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=27193","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\ufedf\ufe98\ufeee\u0627\ufebb\ufede \u0627\ufedf\ufedc\ufbff\ufee4\ufbff\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufef2 \ufe91\ufbff\ufee6 \u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufeb8\ufeae\u0627\u062a \ufedf\ufed0\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufed4\ufbff\ufeae\ufee3\ufeee\ufee7\ufe8e\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\ufedf\ufe98\ufeee\u0627\ufebb\ufede \u0627\ufedf\ufedc\ufbff\ufee4\ufbff\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufef2 \ufe91\ufbff\ufee6 \u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufeb8\ufeae\u0627\u062a \ufedf\ufed0\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufed4\ufbff\ufeae\ufee3\ufeee\ufee7\ufe8e\u062a) \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0669 \u0627\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0666 \u060c \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 .
\n\ufe97\ufed4\ufe98\ufea2 \u06be\ufeac\u0647 \u0627\ufedf\ufee0\ufed0\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufeb4\ufeae\ufbfe\ufe94 \u0622\ufed3\ufe8e\ufed7\u064b\ufe8e \ufe9f\ufeaa\ufbfe\ufeaa\u0629 \ufedf\ufed4\ufbad\ufee2 \u0627\ufedf\ufec4\ufe92\ufbff\ufecc\ufe94 \u0648\ufe97\ufec4\ufeee\ufbfe\ufeae \ufea3\ufee0\ufeee\u0644 \ufe91\ufbff\ufe8c\ufbff\ufe94 \ufee3\ufe92\ufe98\ufedc\ufeae\u0629 \ufed3\ufef2 \ufee3\ufea0\ufe8e\ufefb\u062a \ufee3\ufe9c\ufede \u0627\ufedf\ufeb0\u0631\u0627\ufecb\ufe94 \u0648\u0627\ufedf\ufebc\ufea4\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufecc\ufe8e\ufee3\ufe94. \u0627\ufedf\ufed4\ufeae\ufee3\ufeee\ufee7\ufe8e\u062a \ufedf\ufbff\ufeb4\ufe96 \ufee3\ufea0\ufeae\u062f \ufee3\ufeee\u0627\u062f \ufedb\ufbff\ufee4\ufbff\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufbff\ufe94\u060c \ufe91\ufede \u06be\ufef2 \ufee7\ufec8\ufe8e\u0645 \u0627\ufe97\ufebc\ufe8e\u0644 \u062f\ufed7\ufbff\ufed6 \u0648\ufed3\ufecc\ufe8e\u0644 \ufbfe\ufedc\ufee4\ufee6 \ufed3\ufef2 \ufed7\ufee0\ufe90 \ufe91\ufed8\ufe8e\u0621 \u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufeb8\ufeae\u0627\u062a \u0648\ufe97\ufedc\ufbff\ufed4\ufbad\ufe8e.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\ufef7\ufeb3\ufeae\u0627\u0631 \u0627\ufedf\ufea8\ufed4\ufbff\ufe94 \ufedf\ufee0\ufecc\ufefc\ufed7\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufe9c\ufefc\ufe9b\ufbff\ufe94 \ufe91\ufbff\ufee6 \u0627\ufedf\ufee8\ufe92\ufe8e\u062a \u0648\u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufeb8\ufeae\u0629 \u0648\u0627\ufedf\ufe92\ufedc\ufe98\ufbff\ufeae\ufbfe\ufe8e\u060c \ufea3\ufbff\ufe9a \ufee7\ufeb4\ufecc\ufef0 \ufedf\ufed4\ufbad\ufee2 \ufedb\ufbff\ufed2 \ufe97\ufe98\ufea4\ufeee\u0644 \u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufeb8\ufeae\u0629 \ufee3\ufee6 \ufee3\ufea0\ufeae\u062f \u0632\u0627\ufe8b\ufeae \ufee3\ufeb4\ufe8e\ufedf\ufee2 \ufedf\ufee0\ufeb0\u06be\ufeae\u0629 \u0625\ufedf\ufef0 \ufee7\ufe8e\ufed7\ufede \ufeb3\ufeae\ufbfe\ufeca \ufedf\ufee0\ufee4\ufeae\u0636 \ufe91\ufeb4\ufe92\ufe90 “\ufedf\ufed0\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufed4\ufeae\ufee3\ufeee\ufee7\ufe8e\u062a” \u0627\ufedf\ufedc\ufbff\ufee4\ufbff\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufbff\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufe98\ufef2 \ufe97\ufea4\ufedc\ufee2 \ufeb3\ufee0\ufeee\ufedb\ufbad\ufe8e. \ufe97\ufbad\ufeaa\u0641 \u0627\ufedf\ufee4\ufea4\ufe8e\ufebf\ufeae\u0629 \u0625\ufedf\ufef0 \ufeb7\ufeae\u062d \ufedb\ufbff\ufed2 \ufe97\ufee8\ufea0\ufea2 \u0627\ufedf\ufe92\ufedc\ufe98\ufbff\ufeae\ufbfe\ufe8e \ufed3\ufef2”\ufe97\ufeb0\u0648\ufbfe\ufeae” \u06be\ufeac\u0647 \u0627\ufedf\ufeae\ufeb3\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufede \u0627\ufedf\ufedc\ufbff\ufee4\ufbff\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufbff\ufe94 \ufedf\ufea8\ufeaa\u0639 \u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufeb8\ufeae\u0627\u062a \u0648\ufe9f\ufeac\ufe91\ufbad\ufe8e \ufee7\ufea4\ufeee \u0627\ufef7\u0632\u06be\ufe8e\u0631 \u0627\ufedf\ufee4\ufebc\ufe8e\ufe91\ufe94\u060c \ufee3\ufee4\ufe8e \ufbfe\ufed4\ufe98\ufea2 \u0623\ufecb\ufbff\ufee8\ufee8\ufe8e \ufecb\ufee0\ufef0 \u0627\ufeb3\ufe98\ufeae\u0627\ufe97\ufbff\ufea0\ufbff\ufe8e\u062a \u0630\ufedb\ufbff\ufe94 \ufefb\ufeb3\ufe98\ufea8\ufeaa\u0627\u0645 \u06be\ufeac\u0647 \u0627\ufedf\ufeae\u0648\u0627\ufe8b\ufea2 \u0648\u0627\ufedf\ufed4\ufeae\ufee3\ufeee\ufee7\ufe8e\u062a \ufee7\ufed4\ufeb4\ufbad\ufe8e \ufed3\ufef2 \ufea3\ufee4\ufe8e\ufbfe\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufee4\ufea4\ufe8e\ufebb\ufbff\ufede \u0648\ufee3\ufee8\ufeca \u0627\ufee7\ufe98\ufeb8\ufe8e\u0631 \u0627\ufef7\u0648\ufe91\ufe8c\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufee8\ufe92\ufe8e\ufe97\ufbff\ufe94 \ufe91\ufec4\ufeae\u0642 \u0637\ufe92\ufbff\ufecc\ufbff\ufe94 \u0648\ufee3\ufe92\ufe98\ufedc\ufeae\u0629 \ufe91\ufecc\ufbff\ufeaa\u0627\u064b \ufecb\ufee6 \u0627\ufedf\ufeae\u0634 \u0627\ufedf\ufecc\ufeb8\ufeee\u0627\ufe8b\ufef2 \ufedf\ufee0\ufee4\ufe92\ufbff\ufeaa\u0627\u062a.
\n\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\ufeb3\ufe98\ufea8\ufeaa\u0627\u0645 \ufee3\ufeee\u0627\u062f \ufedb\ufbff\ufee4\ufbff\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufbff\ufe94 (\u0637\ufe8e\u0631\u062f\u0629) \ufe97\ufea4\ufe8e\ufedb\ufef2 \ufed3\ufeae\ufee3\ufeee\ufee7\ufe8e\u062a \u0627\ufef9\ufee7\ufeac\u0627\u0631 \ufedf\ufeaa\u0649 \u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufeb8\ufeae\u0627\u062a \ufedf\ufeae\ufeb7\ufbad\ufe8e \ufecb\ufee0\ufef0 \u0627\ufef7\u0632\u06be\ufe8e\u0631 \u0627\ufedf\ufee4\ufebc\ufe8e\ufe91\ufe94\u060c \ufee3\ufee4\ufe8e \ufbfe\ufea0\ufecc\ufede \u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufeb8\ufeae\u0627\u062a \ufe97\ufe98\ufea0\ufee8\ufe90 \u0627\ufedf\ufbad\ufe92\ufeee\u0637 \ufecb\ufee0\ufbff\ufbad\ufe8e\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \ufee3\ufebc\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufeaa “\ufe9b\ufee8\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufbff\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufbad\ufeaa\u0641” \ufe97\ufebc\ufee4\ufbff\ufee2 \ufee3\ufebc\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufeaa \ufe97\ufea4\ufe98\ufeee\u064a \ufecb\ufee0\ufef0 \ufed3\ufeae\ufee3\ufeee\ufee7\ufe8e\u062a \ufe9f\ufee8\ufeb4\ufbff\ufe94 \ufedf\ufea0\ufeac\u0628 \u0627\ufef5\ufed3\ufe8e\u062a\u060c \u0648\ufed3\ufef2 \ufee7\ufed4\ufeb2 \u0627\ufedf\ufeee\ufed7\ufe96 \ufe97\ufea4\ufe98\ufeee\u064a \ufecb\ufee0\ufef0 \ufee3\ufeee\u0627\u062f \ufe91\ufedc\ufe98\ufbff\ufeae\ufbfe\ufe94 \ufee3\ufec0\ufe8e\u062f\u0629 )Biological Control Agents( \ufe97\ufed8\ufeee\u0645 \u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufeb8\ufeae\u0629 \ufe91\ufea4\ufee4\ufee0\ufbad\ufe8e \u0648\ufe97\ufeee\u0632\ufbfe\ufecc\ufbad\ufe8e \ufecb\ufee0\ufef0 \u0627\ufef7\ufeb7\ufea0\ufe8e\u0631 \u0627\ufedf\ufeb4\ufee0\ufbff\ufee4\ufe94 \ufedf\ufe98\ufed8\ufeee\ufbfe\ufe98\ufbad\ufe8e \ufebf\ufeaa \u0627\ufef7\ufee3\ufeae\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \ufe97\ufee8\ufeb4\ufbff\ufed6 \ufecb\ufee4\ufee0\ufbff\ufe8e\u062a \u0627\ufedf\ufee4\ufedc\ufe8e\ufed3\ufea4\ufe94 \u0627\ufedf\ufed4\ufeae\ufee3\ufeee\ufee7\ufbff\ufe94 \ufedf\ufe98\ufe98\ufeb0\u0627\ufee3\ufee6 \ufe91\ufeaa\ufed7\ufe94 \ufee3\ufeca \ufed3\ufe98\ufeae\u0627\u062a \u0627\ufedf\ufe98\ufeb0\u06be\ufbff\ufeae \u0648\ufee7\ufeb8\ufe8e\u0637 \u0627\ufedf\ufee4\ufee0\ufed8\ufea4\ufe8e\u062a\u060c \ufedf\ufec0\ufee4\ufe8e\u0646 \ufea3\ufee4\ufe8e\ufbfe\ufe94 “\u0627\ufedf\ufe92\ufeee\u0627\ufe91\ufe8e\u062a \u0627\ufedf\ufec4\ufe92\ufbff\ufecc\ufbff\ufe94” \u0627\ufef7\u0632\u06be\ufe8e\u0631 \ufed3\ufef2 \u0627\ufedf\ufeee\ufed7\ufe96 \u0627\ufedf\ufeac\u064a \ufe97\ufedc\ufeee\u0646 \ufed3\ufbff\ufbab \u0623\ufedb\ufe9c\ufeae \ufecb\ufeae\ufebf\ufe94 \ufedf\ufefc\ufea7\ufe98\ufeae\u0627\u0642 \u0627\ufedf\ufe92\ufedc\ufe98\ufbff\ufeae\u064a. \u0648 \u062f\ufecb\ufee2 \u0627\ufef7\ufe91\ufea4\ufe8e\u062b \u0627\ufedf\ufe98\ufef2 \ufe97\ufeaa\u0631\u0633 “\u0627\ufedf\ufe98\ufeee\ufed7\ufbff\ufeca \u0627\ufedf\ufedc\ufbff\ufee4\ufbff\ufe8e\ufe8b\ufef2” \ufedf\ufee0\ufe92\ufedc\ufe98\ufbff\ufeae\ufbfe\ufe8e\u061b \ufed3\ufe88\u0630\u0627 \ufecb\ufeae\ufed3\ufee8\ufe8e \u0627\ufedf\ufee4\ufeae\ufedb\ufe90 \u0627\ufedf\ufeaa\ufed7\ufbff\ufed6 \u0627\ufedf\ufeac\u064a \ufe97\ufeb4\ufe98\ufea8\ufeaa\ufee3\ufbab \u0627\ufedf\ufe92\ufedc\ufe98\ufbff\ufeae\ufbfe\ufe8e \ufedf\ufea0\ufeac\u0628 \u0627\ufedf\ufea4\ufeb8\ufeae\u0629\u060c \ufbfe\ufee4\ufedc\ufee8\ufee8\ufe8e \ufe97\ufebc\ufee8\ufbff\ufeca “\ufee3\ufec0\ufe8e\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0627\ufe8b\ufea2” \ufe97\u064f\ufe92\ufec4\ufede \ufee3\ufed4\ufecc\ufeee\u0644 \u06be\ufeac\u0627 \u0627\ufedf\ufea0\ufeac\u0628.
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 .<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a … 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